At Shockwave, we are committed to doing everything we can to narrow the PCI gender inequality gap starting with clinical evidence presented at SCAI 2022 where Shockwave coronary IVL demonstrated sustained long term clinical outcomes and excellent safety in both women and men suggesting first line use of Shockwave coronary IVL for plaque modification in female patients with calcified lesions.

How It Started vs. How It’s Going: Coronary Calcium Modification Outcomes in Men vs. Women

Individual Speaker Presentations:

DISRUPT CAD Pooled Gender Analysis 1-Year Outcomes – Download the Slides

DISRUPT CAD Pooled OCT Analysis: Acute OCT Outcomes by Gender 30-Day Outcomes – Download the Slides

Coronary Important Safety Information:

In the United States: Rx only.

Indications for Use—The Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System with the Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL Catheter is indicated for lithotripsy-enabled, low-pressure balloon dilatation of severely calcified, stenotic de novo coronary arteries prior to stenting.

Contraindications—The Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL System is contraindicated for the following: This device is not intended for stent delivery. This device is not intended for use in carotid or cerebrovascular arteries.

Warnings— Use the IVL Generator in accordance with recommended settings as stated in the Operator’s Manual. The risk of a dissection or perforation is increased in severely calcified lesions undergoing percutaneous treatment, including IVL. Appropriate provisional interventions should be readily available. Balloon loss of pressure was associated with a numerical increase in dissection which was not statistically significant and was not associated with MACE.  Analysis indicates calcium length is a predictor of dissection and balloon loss of pressure.  IVL generates mechanical pulses which may cause atrial or ventricular capture in bradycardic patients. In patients with implantable pacemakers and defibrillators, the asynchronous capture may interact with the sensing capabilities. Monitoring of the electrocardiographic rhythm and continuous arterial pressure during IVL treatment is required.  In the event of clinically significant hemodynamic effects, temporarily cease delivery of IVL therapy.

Precautions— Only to be used by physicians trained in angiography and intravascular coronary procedures. Use only the recommended balloon inflation medium. Hydrophilic coating to be wet only with normal saline or water and care must be taken with sharp objects to avoid damage to the hydrophilic coating. Appropriate anticoagulant therapy should be administered by the physician. Precaution should be taken when treating patients with previous stenting within 5mm of target lesion.

Potential adverse effects consistent with standard based cardiac interventions include– Abrupt vessel closure – Allergic reaction to contrast medium, anticoagulant and/or antithrombotic therapy-Aneurysm-Arrhythmia-Arteriovenous fistula-Bleeding complications-Cardiac tamponade or pericardial effusion-Cardiopulmonary arrest-Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)-Coronary artery/vessel occlusion, perforation, rupture or dissection-Coronary artery spasm-Death-Emboli (air, tissue, thrombus or atherosclerotic emboli)-Emergency or non-emergency coronary artery bypass surgery-Emergency or non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention-Entry site complications-Fracture of the guide wire or failure/malfunction of any component of the device that may or may not lead to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Hematoma at the vascular access site(s)-Hemorrhage-Hypertension/Hypotension-Infection/sepsis/fever-Myocardial Infarction-Myocardial Ischemia or unstable angina-Pain-Peripheral Ischemia-Pseudoaneurysm-Renal failure/insufficiency-Restenosis of the treated coronary artery leading to revascularization-Shock/pulmonary edema-Slow flow, no reflow, or abrupt closure of coronary artery-Stroke-Thrombus-Vessel closure, abrupt-Vessel injury requiring surgical repair-Vessel dissection, perforation, rupture, or spasm. Risks identified as related to the device and its use: Allergic/immunologic reaction to the catheter material(s) or coating-Device malfunction, failure, or balloon loss of pressure leading to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Atrial or ventricular extrasystole-Atrial or ventricular capture.

Prior to use, please reference the Instructions for Use for more information on warnings, precautions and adverse events.  https://shockwavemedical.com/IFU

Please contact your local Shockwave representative for specific country availability and refer to the Shockwave C2 instructions for use containing important safety information.

Last month at EuroPCR 2022, Dr Benjamin Honton, from Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, presented the 1 year follow up pooled OCT analysis from DISRUPT CAD III and IV studies, showing that consistent stent expansion and MSA post-IVL resulted in durable clinical outcomes, with no difference in event rates between concentric, eccentric and nodular calcium.

Discover what Dr. Honton thinks about the data and its impact in the treatment of calcified coronary artery disease (CAD) patients in the Q&A below.

1. What does this 1-Year OCT Patient-level Pooled Analysis add to the interventional cardiology community?

The OCT Patient-level Pooled analysis brings meaningful insights into the midterm 12-month impact of OCT findings for patients treated by Shockwave IVL. This pooled cohort of 160 patients from DISRUPT CAD III and DISRUPT CAD IV demonstrated a low rate of target lesion failure (TLF) (6.9%) at one year with only one subacute stent thrombosis despite complex coronary lesions included in these studies. Moreover, this rate is essentially driven by periprocedural MI with a low rate of events in the follow-up. Interestingly, the OCT independent core-lab analysis showed that the only factor associated with TLF in OCT baseline was a higher maximum calcium arc (328° +/- 48 vs 273° +/- 80; p = 0.03). However, none of the post-stent OCT findings were correlated to the occurrence of TLF, especially those known as strong predictors of cardiovascular events like MSA, maximum stent expansion, or strut malapposition. Moreover, these OCT analyses show that IVL is safe and effective across all types of calcified pattern lesions like eccentric lesions or calcified nodules.

2. From your perspective, what did we learn about the long-term clinical outcomes in calcified nodules and eccentric lesions treated with Shockwave coronary IVL?

Initially, IVL was studied to target concentric calcified lesions. However, this OCT Patient-level Pooled analysis demonstrates that DISRUPT CAD III and DISRUPT CAD IV studies included patients with eccentric lesions (calcium arc <180°; n =30) or calcified nodules (CN; n = 26). These features, particularly CN, remain a significant challenge in our daily practice, often complex to treat with a worst outcome. The OCT Patient-level Pooled analysis brings confidence for IVL in this setting as there is no difference in 12-month TLF in patients treated for a CN or an eccentric calcified lesion than the others. Moreover, post-OCT findings show a mean MSA of 6.2 +/- 2 mm2 with a stent expansion of 101 +/- 18% in the CNs groups confirming the effectiveness of IVL for the management of such complex lesions.

3. How do these outcomes compare with previous reports on the use of rotational atherectomy to treat calcified nodules?

It is always hazardous to compare results from previous studies. However, we can affirm that the rate of complications with IVL for this kind of lesion is drastically low. Moreover, we know that the CNs are more prone to set in the tortuosity of the right coronary artery making the realization of rotational atherectomy (RA) more complex, with a higher risk of complications and a potential guide wire bias impairing RA lesion preparation. In this view, IVL appears to be safer, and the OCT Patient-level Pooled analysis brings clinical evidence that it is also effective. In this perspective, IVL opens new perspectives and should be considered a first-line therapy to prepare CN lesions before stenting.

4. What would you say to your peers who don’t use concomitantly intracoronary imaging with IVL to treat calcified lesions. Do you think that intracoronary imaging is mandatory in a real-world setting in order to attain good results with IVL?

Intracoronary imaging gives meaningful information on calcification patterns ignored by angiography, as calcium angle which is associated with higher TLF in the OCT pool analysis. There is a significant world wild heterogeneity in intracoronary imaging use for multiple reasons. The OCT Patient-level Pooled analysis gives confidence that IVL effectively treats all types of calcium with no procedural adjustment needed for that purpose. In this setting, intravascular imaging could not be mandatory “per se” but remains a valuable tool for planning our PCI strategy with IVL and appreciating stent failure patterns such as malapposition or underexpansion more frequently in the calcified lesion. In this view, intracoronary imagery is expected to increase over time and should be promoted.

Dr. Benjamin Honton is a paid consultant for Shockwave Medical.

Coronary Important Safety Information:

In the United States: Rx only.

Indications for Use—The Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System with the Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL Catheter is indicated for lithotripsy-enabled, low-pressure balloon dilatation of severely calcified, stenotic de novo coronary arteries prior to stenting.

Contraindications—The Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL System is contraindicated for the following: This device is not intended for stent delivery. This device is not intended for use in carotid or cerebrovascular arteries.

Warnings— Use the IVL Generator in accordance with recommended settings as stated in the Operator’s Manual. The risk of a dissection or perforation is increased in severely calcified lesions undergoing percutaneous treatment, including IVL. Appropriate provisional interventions should be readily available. Balloon loss of pressure was associated with a numerical increase in dissection which was not statistically significant and was not associated with MACE.  Analysis indicates calcium length is a predictor of dissection and balloon loss of pressure.  IVL generates mechanical pulses which may cause atrial or ventricular capture in bradycardic patients. In patients with implantable pacemakers and defibrillators, the asynchronous capture may interact with the sensing capabilities. Monitoring of the electrocardiographic rhythm and continuous arterial pressure during IVL treatment is required.  In the event of clinically significant hemodynamic effects, temporarily cease delivery of IVL therapy.

Precautions— Only to be used by physicians trained in angiography and intravascular coronary procedures. Use only the recommended balloon inflation medium. Hydrophilic coating to be wet only with normal saline or water and care must be taken with sharp objects to avoid damage to the hydrophilic coating. Appropriate anticoagulant therapy should be administered by the physician. Precaution should be taken when treating patients with previous stenting within 5mm of target lesion.

Potential adverse effects consistent with standard based cardiac interventions include– Abrupt vessel closure – Allergic reaction to contrast medium, anticoagulant and/or antithrombotic therapy-Aneurysm-Arrhythmia-Arteriovenous fistula-Bleeding complications-Cardiac tamponade or pericardial effusion-Cardiopulmonary arrest-Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)-Coronary artery/vessel occlusion, perforation, rupture or dissection-Coronary artery spasm-Death-Emboli (air, tissue, thrombus or atherosclerotic emboli)-Emergency or non-emergency coronary artery bypass surgery-Emergency or non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention-Entry site complications-Fracture of the guide wire or failure/malfunction of any component of the device that may or may not lead to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Hematoma at the vascular access site(s)-Hemorrhage-Hypertension/Hypotension-Infection/sepsis/fever-Myocardial Infarction-Myocardial Ischemia or unstable angina-Pain-Peripheral Ischemia-Pseudoaneurysm-Renal failure/insufficiency-Restenosis of the treated coronary artery leading to revascularization-Shock/pulmonary edema-Slow flow, no reflow, or abrupt closure of coronary artery-Stroke-Thrombus-Vessel closure, abrupt-Vessel injury requiring surgical repair-Vessel dissection, perforation, rupture, or spasm. Risks identified as related to the device and its use: Allergic/immunologic reaction to the catheter material(s) or coating-Device malfunction, failure, or balloon loss of pressure leading to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Atrial or ventricular extrasystole-Atrial or ventricular capture.

Prior to use, please reference the Instructions for Use for more information on warnings, precautions and adverse events.  https://shockwavemedical.com/IFU

Please contact your local Shockwave representative for specific country availability and refer to the Shockwave C2 instructions for use containing important safety information.

The presence of calcium can pose significant challenges in achieving optimal procedural outcomes in PAD treatment and can pose as a barrier to the delivery of large bore access devices. Shockwave IVL is shifting the paradigm in the way physicians approach calcium by simplifying procedures in an efficacious and safe manner. Now the next generation of peripheral IVL technology is here: Shockwave M5+! The Shockwave M5+ extends treatment options with the introduction of its new features; faster pulsing, an extended working length and expanded size matrix. 

Read the Shockwave supplement published in the CX22 edition of Vascular News and learn how physicians globally are utilizing the new features of M5+ to expand the boundaries of calcium treatment in PAD and EVAR procedures.

To read this Vascular News article click here.

Important Safety Information

In the United States: Rx only

Indications for Use – The Shockwave Medical Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System is intended for lithotripsy-enhanced balloon dilatation of lesions, including calcified lesions, in the peripheral vasculature, including the iliac, femoral, ilio-femoral, popliteal, infra-popliteal, and renal arteries.  Not for use in the coronary or cerebral vasculature.

Contraindications – Do not use if unable to pass 0.014 guidewire across the lesion • Not intended for treatment of in-stent restenosis or in coronary, carotid, or cerebrovascular arteries.

Warnings – Only to be used by physicians who are familiar with interventional vascular procedures • Physicians must be trained prior to use of the device • Use the Generator in accordance with recommended settings as stated in the Operator’s Manual

Precautions – Use only the recommended balloon inflation medium • Appropriate anticoagulant therapy should be administered by the physician • Decision regarding use of distal protection should be made based on physician assessment of treatment lesion morphology

Adverse Effects – Possible adverse effects consistent with standard angioplasty include: • Access site complications • Allergy to contrast or blood thinners • Arterial bypass surgery • Bleeding complications • Death • Fracture of guidewire or device • Hypertension/Hypotension • Infection/sepsis • Placement of a stent • Renal failure • Shock/pulmonary edema • Target vessel stenosis or occlusion • Vascular complications.

Risks unique to the device and its use: • Allergy to catheter material(s) • Device malfunction or failure • Excess heat at target site

Prior to use, please reference the Instructions for Use for more information on indications, contraindications, warnings, precautions, and adverse events. www.shockwavemedical.com

Please contact your local Shockwave representative for specific country availability and refer to the Shockwave S4, Shockwave M5, and Shockwave M5+ instructions for use containing important safety information.

Dr. Croce provides insight on combining Shockwave IVL with imaging.

Some of us know the data. Some don’t. The question once you do is where we go from here to bridge the gender inequality gap?

To help address this question, SCAI just published in the Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (JSCAI), the new official journal of SCAI, an “Expert Consensus on Sex Specific Considerations in Myocardial Revascularization.” Shockwave coronary IVL was referenced in the consensus as a potential first-line therapy for plaque modification of calcified lesions in women specifically.

JSCAI Publication: Expert Consensus on Sex-Specific Considerations in Myocardial Revascularization

Read the Publication Here:  https://www.jscai.org/article/S2772-9303(21)00016-8/fulltext

The Expert Consensus brings to light the gender disparities in cardiovascular disease, identifies gaps in evidence regarding cardiovascular outcomes in women, inform clinicians on best practices most relevant to female patients and guides future research priorities.

And for more engaging content on this topic, here is a great discussion hosted by SCAI Conversations in Interventional Cardiology with Drs. Alexandra Lansky, J. Dawn Abbott, Jennifer Tremmel, Roxana Mehran, and Suzanne Baron.

SCAI Conversations in Interventional Cardiology Video CME

Sex-Specific Outcomes After Coronary IVL: Disrupt CAD Studies (scai.org)

Plus, the JSCAI CAD Pooled Gender Analysis Publication & DISRUPT CAD Pooled Gender Analysis TCT Data Slides.

Dr. Latib speaks to his real-world Shockwave IVL experience in complex coronary cases.

Dr. Benjamin Honton, Interventional Cardiologist at Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France, together with Dr. Jacques Monsegu, Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste de Grenoble, France, write about best practices for Shockwave IVL use in the cath lab based on his three years of experience with the technology. In this review you will find Shockwave IVL technical, scientific and clinical overview, such as lesion selection with focus on concentric and eccentric calcification, analysis of specific clinical indications and some useful tips for crossing and therapy delivery.

Read the article online here:  https://www.icrjournal.com/articles/best-practice-intravascular-lithotripsy

Download the PDF here:  Best Practice in Intravascular Lithotripsy

Coronary Important Safety Information:

In the United States: Rx only.

Indications for Use—The Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System with the Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL Catheter is indicated for lithotripsy-enabled, low-pressure balloon dilatation of severely calcified, stenotic de novo coronary arteries prior to stenting.

Contraindications—The Shockwave C2 Coronary IVL System is contraindicated for the following: This device is not intended for stent delivery. This device is not intended for use in carotid or cerebrovascular arteries.

Warnings— Use the IVL Generator in accordance with recommended settings as stated in the Operator’s Manual. The risk of a dissection or perforation is increased in severely calcified lesions undergoing percutaneous treatment, including IVL. Appropriate provisional interventions should be readily available. Balloon loss of pressure was associated with a numerical increase in dissection which was not statistically significant and was not associated with MACE.  Analysis indicates calcium length is a predictor of dissection and balloon loss of pressure.  IVL generates mechanical pulses which may cause atrial or ventricular capture in bradycardic patients. In patients with implantable pacemakers and defibrillators, the asynchronous capture may interact with the sensing capabilities. Monitoring of the electrocardiographic rhythm and continuous arterial pressure during IVL treatment is required.  In the event of clinically significant hemodynamic effects, temporarily cease delivery of IVL therapy.

Precautions— Only to be used by physicians trained in angiography and intravascular coronary procedures. Use only the recommended balloon inflation medium. Hydrophilic coating to be wet only with normal saline or water and care must be taken with sharp objects to avoid damage to the hydrophilic coating. Appropriate anticoagulant therapy should be administered by the physician. Precaution should be taken when treating patients with previous stenting within 5mm of target lesion.

Potential adverse effects consistent with standard based cardiac interventions include– Abrupt vessel closure – Allergic reaction to contrast medium, anticoagulant and/or antithrombotic therapy-Aneurysm-Arrhythmia-Arteriovenous fistula-Bleeding complications-Cardiac tamponade or pericardial effusion-Cardiopulmonary arrest-Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)-Coronary artery/vessel occlusion, perforation, rupture or dissection-Coronary artery spasm-Death-Emboli (air, tissue, thrombus or atherosclerotic emboli)-Emergency or non-emergency coronary artery bypass surgery-Emergency or non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention-Entry site complications-Fracture of the guide wire or failure/malfunction of any component of the device that may or may not lead to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Hematoma at the vascular access site(s)-Hemorrhage-Hypertension/Hypotension-Infection/sepsis/fever-Myocardial Infarction-Myocardial Ischemia or unstable angina-Pain-Peripheral Ischemia-Pseudoaneurysm-Renal failure/insufficiency-Restenosis of the treated coronary artery leading to revascularization-Shock/pulmonary edema-Slow flow, no reflow, or abrupt closure of coronary artery-Stroke-Thrombus-Vessel closure, abrupt-Vessel injury requiring surgical repair-Vessel dissection, perforation, rupture, or spasm. Risks identified as related to the device and its use: Allergic/immunologic reaction to the catheter material(s) or coating-Device malfunction, failure, or balloon loss of pressure leading to device embolism, dissection, serious injury or surgical intervention-Atrial or ventricular extrasystole-Atrial or ventricular capture.

Prior to use, please reference the Instructions for Use for more information on warnings, precautions and adverse events.  https://shockwavemedical.com/IFU

Please contact your local Shockwave representative for specific country availability and refer to the Shockwave C2 instructions for use containing important safety information.